> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.firebolt.io/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Statements > BigQuery DDL, DML, transaction (TCL), and DCL statements supported in BigQuery compatibility mode. Preview BigQuery [data definition](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language) (DDL), [data manipulation](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language) (DML), [transaction](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/transactions) (TCL), and [data control](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-control-language) (DCL) statements in [BigQuery compatibility mode](/reference-sql/bigquery/overview). ## Data definition language | Statement | Support | Notes | | :- | :- | :- | | [`CREATE TABLE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_table_statement) | Supported | Column-definition and `AS SELECT` forms. `CREATE OR REPLACE` is supported. Requires either a column list or an `AS SELECT`. A column list must match the query's output width. With `SELECT *` the width is not known when the statement is translated, so the list is not applied and the query's own column names are kept. | | [`CREATE VIEW`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_view_statement) | Supported | `AS SELECT` form. | | [`CREATE SCHEMA`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_schema_statement) | Supported | `IF NOT EXISTS` supported. `AUTHORIZATION` is not supported; `OPTIONS(...)` and `DEFAULT COLLATE` are ignored. | | [`DROP TABLE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#drop_table_statement), [`DROP VIEW`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#drop_view_statement), [`DROP SCHEMA`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#drop_schema_statement) | Supported | `IF EXISTS`, `CASCADE`/`RESTRICT`, and multiple objects in one statement. | | [`CREATE VECTOR INDEX`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_vector_index_statement) | With limitations | Requires a `dimension` option (Firebolt needs an explicit vector dimension that BigQuery infers). | | [`ALTER TABLE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#alter_table_set_options_statement) | With limitations | One operation per statement. Dropping several columns in one statement is not supported. | | [`CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_materialized_view_statement), `DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW` | Not supported | | | [`CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_external_table_statement) | Not supported | | | `CREATE TABLE LIKE`, `CREATE TABLE COPY`, `CREATE TABLE CLONE`, `CREATE SNAPSHOT TABLE` | Not supported | | | [`CREATE FUNCTION`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-definition-language#create_function_statement), `CREATE TABLE FUNCTION`, `CREATE PROCEDURE`, `DROP FUNCTION` | Not supported | | | `CREATE ROW ACCESS POLICY`, `CREATE SEARCH INDEX` | Not supported | | | `ALTER SCHEMA`, `ALTER VIEW`, `ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW`, `ALTER ORGANIZATION` | Not supported | | ## Data manipulation language | Statement | Support | Notes | | :- | :- | :- | | [`INSERT`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language#insert_statement) | Supported | `INSERT ... VALUES` and `INSERT ... SELECT`. The target must be a plain table name. | | [`UPDATE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language#update_statement) | Supported | With a `WHERE` clause. | | [`DELETE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language#delete_statement) | Supported | With a `WHERE` clause. | | [`TRUNCATE TABLE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language#truncate_table_statement) | Supported | Removes all rows (executed as an unconditional delete). Multiple targets in one statement are supported. | | [`MERGE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-manipulation-language#merge_statement) | Supported | `WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE`/`DELETE` and `WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT`. | ## Transaction control BigQuery [transactions](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/transactions) run a group of statements atomically. | Statement | Support | Notes | | :- | :- | :- | | [`BEGIN TRANSACTION`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/procedural-language#begin_transaction) | Supported | `START TRANSACTION` is an accepted synonym. | | [`COMMIT TRANSACTION`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/procedural-language#commit_transaction) | Supported | `COMMIT` is accepted. | | [`ROLLBACK TRANSACTION`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/procedural-language#rollback_transaction) | Supported | `ROLLBACK` is accepted. | ## Data control language BigQuery [data control language](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-control-language) manages access to resources. | Statement | Support | Notes | | :- | :- | :- | | [`GRANT`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-control-language#grant_statement) | Not supported | Use native Firebolt SQL for [access control](/reference-sql/commands/access-control/create-role). | | [`REVOKE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-control-language#revoke_statement) | Not supported | Use native Firebolt SQL for access control. | ## Limitations * Column types in a `CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT` column list are read as names only and do not re-type the selected columns. * `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, and `DELETE` do not support a `RETURNING` clause. * Procedural statements (`CALL`, `EXECUTE IMMEDIATE`, scripting) are not supported in this mode. This documentation is built and hosted on [Mintlify](https://mintlify.com), a developer documentation platform.