> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.firebolt.io/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Conditional and conversion functions

> BigQuery conditional, conversion, hash, and bit functions in BigQuery compatibility mode.

<span className="feature-tag">Preview</span>

BigQuery conditional expressions, conversion, hash, and bit functions in [BigQuery compatibility mode](/reference-sql/bigquery/overview).

## Conditional expressions

BigQuery reference: [Conditional expressions](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions).

| Expression | Support | Notes |
| :- | :- | :- |
| [`CASE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions#case) | Supported | Searched and simple `CASE`. |
| [`COALESCE`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions#coalesce) | Supported | |
| [`IF`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions#if) | Supported | |
| [`IFNULL`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions#ifnull) | Supported | |
| [`NULLIF`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conditional_expressions#nullif) | Supported | |

## Conversion functions

BigQuery reference: [Conversion functions](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conversion_functions).

| Function | Support | Notes |
| :- | :- | :- |
| [`CAST`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conversion_functions#cast) | Supported | Includes the `CAST(x AS type FORMAT '...')` form. |
| [`PARSE_NUMERIC`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conversion_functions#parse_numeric) | Supported | |
| [`PARSE_BIGNUMERIC`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conversion_functions#parse_bignumeric) | With limitations | Parses to a 38-digit `DECIMAL`, which cannot hold the full `BIGNUMERIC` precision. See [Data types](/reference-sql/bigquery/data-types). |
| [`SAFE_CAST`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/conversion_functions#safe_cast) | With limitations | Parsed, but the null-on-error behavior is not reproduced. A value that would make BigQuery return `NULL` raises an error instead. |

### Type-name conversion functions

The single-argument type functions cast their argument to the matching type.

| Function | Target type |
| :- | :- |
| `STRING(x)` | Text |
| `INT64(x)` | 64-bit integer |
| `FLOAT64(x)` | Double precision |
| `BOOL(x)` | Boolean |
| `BYTES(x)` | Binary string |
| `DATE(x)` | Date |
| `TIMESTAMP(x)` | Absolute instant |
| `DATETIME(x)` | Wall-clock timestamp |
| `NUMERIC(x)` | Exact decimal |

## The `SAFE.` prefix

`SAFE.function(...)` is accepted and calls the underlying function. Like `SAFE_CAST`, the null-on-error behavior is not reproduced.

## Hash functions

BigQuery reference: [Hash functions](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions).

| Function | Support |
| :- | :- |
| [`MD5`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions#md5) | Supported |
| [`FARM_FINGERPRINT`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions#farm_fingerprint), [`SHA1`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions#sha1), [`SHA256`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions#sha256), [`SHA512`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/hash_functions#sha512) | Not supported |

## Bit functions

BigQuery reference: [Bit functions](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bit_functions).

| Function | Support |
| :- | :- |
| [`BIT_COUNT`](https://docs.cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bit_functions#bit_count) | Not supported |


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